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Autor(en)	Titel	Quelle
Überall M, Haupt K, Hertzberg H, Langer T, Meier W, Huk W, Beck J, Wenzel D	Quantitative EEG in long-term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.	Pediatr Neurol 1996, 15: 293
Überall M, Haupt K, Meier W, Hertzberg H, Beck J, Wenzel D	P300 abnormalities in long-time survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood--side effects of CNS prophylaxis?	Neuropediatrics 1996, 27: 130
Überall M, Hertzberg H, Meier W, Langer T, Beck J, Wenzel D	Visual-evoked potentials in long-term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. The German Late Effects Working Group.	Neuropediatrics 1996, 27: 194
Überall M, Skirl G, Strassburg H, Wenzel D, Hertzberg H, Langer T, Meier W, Berger-Jones K, Huk W, Korinthenberg R, Beck J	Neurophysiological findings in long-term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood treated with the BFM protocol 81 SR-A/B	Eur J Pediatr 1997, 156: 727
Uderzo C, Balduzzi A, De Lorenzo P, Valsecchi M, Gadner H, Klingebiel T, Zimmermann M, Schrappe M	Prospective study on allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo BMT) versus chemotherapy (chemo) for very high-risk (VHR) childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in first complete remission.	Bone Marrow Transplant 2001, 28 Suppl 1:S22-S24
Uffmann M, Rasche M, Zimmermann M, von Neuhoff C, Creutzig U, Dworzak M, Scheffers L, Hasle H, Zwaan CM, Reinhardt D, Klusmann JH	Therapy reduction in patients with Down syndrome and myeloid leukemia: the international ML-DS 2006 trial.	Blood 2017 Jun 22; 129: 3314
Ulmer M	Fraktionierte stereotaktische Strahlentherapie.	Dtsch Arztebl 2011, 108: A-2444 / B-2056 / C
Ulmer A, Tabea Tauer J, Glauche I, Jung R, Suttorp M	TK Inhibitor Treatment Disrupts Growth Hormone Axis: Clinical Observations in Children with CML and Experimental Data from a Juvenile Animal Model.	Klinische Padiatrie 2013, 225: 120
Long-term treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) exerts off-target effects on bone growth by either impaired growth hormone (GH) action or osseous modelling impairment.Body height and the GH-related parameters insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3(IGFBP-3) were determined repetitively 3-monthly over 2 years in 21 pediatric CML-patients on standardized imatinib treatment. In an animal model 4-week-old male Wistar rats were exposed over 10 weeks to imatinib, dasatinib, or bosutinib at varying concentrations via the drinking water. Blood was collected at prepubertal age, pubertal age, and at adult age, respectively, and animals' serum levels of IGFBP-3 were measured.Independent from treatment duration patients exhibited IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels almost exclusively in the very low range when compared to age-matched references. No clear pattern of rising or falling IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels was observed. In rats, compared to controls, serum IGFBP-3 was significantly lowered for all TKIs tested, at all concentrations applied, and at all ages under investigation.Besides direct off-target effects on the growing skeleton, TKI treatment also results in lowered blood levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3.A juvenile rat model predicts this side effect for dasatinib and bosutinib. Thus, growth and GH- related parameters should be monitored regularly in pediatric patients with CML on TKIs.
Ulmer A, Tabea Tauer J, Glauche I, Jung R, Suttorp M	TK inhibitor treatment disrupts growth hormone axis: clinical observations in children with CML and experimental data from a juvenile animal model.	Klinische Padiatrie 2013, 225: 120
Long-term treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) exerts off-target effects on bone growth by either impaired growth hormone (GH) action or osseous modelling impairment.
Ulph F, Cullinan T, Qureshi N, Kai J	Parents' responses to receiving sickle cell or cystic fibrosis carrier results for their child following newborn screening.	European journal of human genetics : EJHG 2014
Universal newborn screening for sickle cell disorders and cystic fibrosis aims to enable the early identification and treatment of affected babies. Screening can also identify infants who are healthy carriers, with carrier results being the commonest outcome for parents and professionals to discuss in practice. However it is unclear what the effect will be on parents on being informed of their baby's carrier result. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample of 67 family members (49 mothers, 16 fathers, 2 grandparents) of 51 infants identified by universal newborn screening as carriers of cystic fibrosis (n=27) and sickle cell (n=24), across all health regions in England. Data were analysed by thematic analysis with subsequent respondent validation. Untoward anxiety or distress among parents appeared influenced by how results were conveyed, rather than the carrier result per se. Parents who had more prior awareness of carrier status or the possibility of a carrier result assimilated the information more readily. Being left in an information vacuum while awaiting results, or before seeing a professional, led some parents to fear that their child had a serious health condition. Parental distress and anxiety appeared mostly transient, subsiding with understanding of carrier status and communication with a professional. Parents regarded carrier results as valuable information and sought to share this with their families and to inform their children in the future. However parents needed greater support after communication of results in considering and accessing cascade testing, and negotiating further communication within their families.European Journal of Human Genetics advance online publication, 9 July 2014; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2014.126.
Unland R, Kerl K, Schlosser S, Farwick N, Plagemann T, Lechtape B, Clifford SC, Kreth JH, Gerss J, Mühlisch J, Richter GH, Hasselblatt M, Frühwald MC	Epigenetic repression of the dopamine receptor D4 in pediatric tumors of the central nervous system.	J Neurooncol 2014, 116: 237
Epigenetic alterations are common events in cancer. Using a genome wide methylation screen (Restriction Landmark Genomic Scanning-RLGS) we identified the gene for the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) as tumor-specific methylated. As DRD4 is involved in early brain development and may thus be involved in developmentally dependent tumors of the CNS in children epigenetic deregulation of DRD4 and its functional consequences were analyzed in vitro. CpG methylation of DRD4 was detected in 18/24 medulloblastomas, 23/29 ependymomas, 6/6 high-grade gliomas, 7/10 CNS PNET and 8/8 cell lines by qCOBRA and bisulfite sequencing. Real-time RT-PCR demonstrated a significantly inferior expression of DRD4 in primary tumors compared to cell lines and non-malignant control tissues. Epigenetic deregulation of DRD4 was analyzed in reexpression experiments and restoration of DRD4 was observed in medulloblastoma (MB) cells treated with 5-Aza-CdR. Reexpression was not accompanied by demethylation of the DRD4 promoter but by a significant decrease of H3K27me3 and of bound enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2). Knockdown of EZH2 demonstrated DRD4 as a direct target for inhibition by EZH2. Stimulation of reexpressed DRD4 resulted in an activation of ERK1/2. Our analyses thus disclose that DRD4 is epigenetically repressed in CNS tumors of childhood. DRD4 is a direct target of EZH2 in MB cell lines. EZH2 appears to dominate over aberrant DNA methylation in the epigenetic inhibition of DRD4, which eventually leads to inhibition of a DRD4-mediated stimulation of the ERK1/2 kinase pathway.
United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation	SOURCES AND EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION.	UNSCEAR 2000 REPORT Vol. II
Uppenkamp M, Feller AC	Classification of malignant lymphoma.	Onkologie 2002, 25: 563
Uprety D, Baber A, Foy M	Ketamine infusion for sickle cell pain crisis refractory to opioids: a case report and review of literature.	Annals of hematology 2013, epub ahead of print
This article reports a rare case of the use of low-dose ketamine infusion as an adjuvant to opioids to treat pain in sickle cell disease. A 31-year-old African-American male with history of sickle cell disease presented to the emergency department with complaints of chest tightness, multiple joint pain, and headache for 1 week. His vital signs and physical examination were unremarkable. His admission lab included hemoglobin of 8.4 g/dl, reticulocyte count of 16.3 %, bilirubin of 1.7 mg/dl, and LDH of 1,267 U/l. Chest X-ray showed middle and lower lobe opacity and interstitial thickening. He was treated for acute pain crisis and community-acquired pneumonia with intravenous fluids, supplemental oxygen, and intravenous levofloxacin. He was placed on fentanyl patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), oxycodone, ketorolac, and methadone with co-analgesic gabapentin and venlafaxine. Over the course of his hospitalization, his chest pain resolved, but the joint pains continued. He was then transferred to the ICU and was discharged a day later after 7 days of ketamine infusion. Ketamine is a noncompetitive antagonist at the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. This property has been shown to modulate opioid tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia. There have been a very few published reports on the use of low-dose ketamine in sickle cell pain management. A PubMed search revealed four published articles (Table 1). Fourteen out of the 17 cases (82.35 %) who received ketamine infusion showed improvement in self-reported pain intensity and significant reduction in opioid dosage. Only one patient (5.9 %) developed serious side effect leading to discontinuation of the drug. A low-dose ketamine can be an option for pain control in sickle cell disease. Randomized trial is required to establish this benefit of ketamine over currently available therapies.
Urbano-Ispizua A, Schmitz N, de Witte T et al., European Group for Blood and Marrow Trans-plantation	Allogeneic and autologous transplantation for haematological diseases, solid tumours and immune disorders: definitions and current practice in Europe.	Bone Marrow Transplant 2002, 29: 639
Urban C, Lackner H, Müller E, Benesch M, Strenger V, Sovinz P, Schwinger W	Stem cell transplantation in 6 children with parvovirus B19- induced severe aplastic anaemia or myelodysplastic syndrome.	Klinische Padiatrie 2011, 223: 332
Parvovirus B19 (PVB19) induced severe aplastic anaemia (SAA) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is rare, and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in this condition has not been reported so far. 6 children with SAA (n=4) or MDS (n=2) caused by acute PVB19 infection underwent HSCT under the protection of intravenous immunoglobulines. The 4 children with SAA received matched HLA bone marrow from a sibling (n=3) or peripheral unrelated blood stem cells (n=1). 1 patient had delayed erythrocyte engraftment, whereas 3 patients had an uneventful transplantation course. HSCT in one of the 2 children with MDS was complicated by poor graft function, the other patient engrafted without complications. In conclusion, HSCT in children with PVB19 induced SAA or MDS is feasible, even though some patients may develop delayed engraftment or prolonged poor graft function.
Urla C, Warmann SW, Sparber-Sauer M, Schuck A, Leuschner I, Klingebiel T, Blumenstock G, Seitz G, Koscielniak E, Fuchs J	Treatment and outcome of the patients with rhabdomyosarcoma of the biliary tree: Experience of the Cooperative Weichteilsarkom Studiengruppe (CWS).	BMC cancer 2019, 19: 945
Biliary rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common biliary tumor in children. The management of affected patients contains unique challenges because of the rarity of this tumor entity and its critical location at the porta hepatis, which can make achievement of a radical resection very difficult.
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